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NAVIGATIONhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigationhttp://www.w-o-w.com/ARTICLES/navigation/
http://senselist.com/2006/10/02/13-ways-to-find-north-if-youre-lost-in-the-woods/
Navigation is the process of planning, recording, and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.The word navigate is derived from the Latin roots navis meaning “ship” and agere meaning “to move” or “to direct.”[1] Different navigational techniques have evolved over the ages in different cultures, but all involve locating one’s position compared to known locations or patterns. It is also used in computer science as a term related to internet.You can find your way through the bush by using the north star it is very helpful if you know your constellations.Moss on the tree - it grows on the north side wear the sun the rises and sets rises in the east sets in the west
Look for moss; it usually grows on the north (i.e., least sunny) side of trees and rocks—or at least, grows most plentifully there.
Look for spider webs, which tend to appear on the south sides of trees.
Put a stick in the ground vertically, and note where the end of its shadow is. Wait a little while, and mark where the end is now. The line going between those two points should run approximately east–west; you can then tell by the direction of the sun’s movement which way is north.
Watch the sun, which rises (more or less) in the east and sets (more or less) in the west. But since the exact position of the sun varies by season and latitude, this is rather inaccurate.
In the northern hemisphere, if it’s night and the sky is clear, you can usually pick out the north star (Polaris) as the brightest one in the handle of the Little Dipper. If you’re facing that star, you’re pointing north.
In the southern hemisphere, find the Southern Cross. Note the direction of the long axis of the cross. Follow that imaginary line for a distance equal to five times the length of the cross and fact the point in space where it would end. You’re now facing directly south; spin around 180° to find north.
Hold an analog watch horizontally. In the northern hemisphere, point the hour hand toward the sun; in the southern hemisphere, point the 12 toward the sun. Either way, the north-south line runs halfway between the hour hand and the 12 (or 1, if Daylight Saving Time is in effect). To figure out which is which, note the sun’s direction of movement, or assume that the sun is in the southern half of the sky.
Note the direction in which the clouds move, which is generally west-to-east. (This can provide only a very rough approximation at best, and doesn’t work everywhere.)
If you’re in a part of the world where Traveler’s Palms grow, find one. Chances are the axis of the branches runs east-west; as usual, determine north from the direction of the sun or assume it’s in the southern part of the sky.
If you’re near a body of water where birds, fish, or amphibians are breeding, keep in mind that they often prefer to breed on the west side.Use a compass. (You did bring a compass, right?) Make a compass by carefully floating a magnetized needle on the surface of water that’s sitting in a very still container. (You did bring a needle, right?)
Use a GPS receiver. It’ll probably tell you the direction you’re facing without any effort, but even if it lacks an electronic compass (or the compass isn’t working), you can work out which way is north by taking two or more readings some distance apart and doing some very simple geometry. (You do remember your geometry, right?)
Find a straight stick and place it vertically in the ground.
Set watch on top of the stick.
Rotate watch until the hour hand aligns with the sticks shadow. 12 o’ clock on the watch will now be pointing North.
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